• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Control procedure of an acoustic warning, and acoustic warning that performs said control procedure. It constitutes a more robust, flexible and simple alternative to implement with respect to the current control procedures of acoustic warnings, emphasizing basically by performing an analysis and measurement of the voltage variation (ul) of the coil (6) and/or at least one characteristic variable of said voltage (ul), this analysis being carried out by a control circuit (10) during the transient disconnection of the coil (6) ) caused by an electronic switching device (20); and by carrying out an adjustment of the frequency and pulse rate of a pulse generator (30) by the control circuit (10), where said adjustment is made according to a working condition in which a greater variation of inductance of the coil (6), that is, adjusting the detector (1) to its resonance frequency. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2632260A1
    申请号:ES201630274
    申请日:2016-03-09
    公开日:2017-09-12
    发明作者:Enrique MINGUET GARCÍA；Rafael NICOLAS MARISCAL；Guillermo VACAS ALMAGRO
    申请人:Clarton Horn S A U；Clarton Horn Sau；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Control procedure of an acoustic warning, and acoustic warning performing said control procedure OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
    The present invention belongs to the field of audible signaling systems, and more specifically to acoustic alarms that employ an electric and / or electromagnetic transmission.
    The object of the present invention is a method of controlling an acoustic alarm at its resonance frequency, which constitutes a more robust alternative, more efficient in detecting the optimum point of operation, and easier to implement with respect to the current acoustic warning control procedures. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    At present, acoustic alarms (or horns) of the type included in automotive vehicles for the emission of an audible signal are widely known. However, these acoustic warnings are also applicable where caution, caution or vigilance is required to call attention to emergency situations,
    or to invite listeners to act in a certain way.
    More in particular, acoustic alarms are known which, equipped with an electronic circuit, allow measuring different variables of the alarm to adjust its operating frequency to the so-called "resonance frequency", that is, the optimum operating frequency at which maximum efficiency and sound pressure level is achieved.
    Thus, a conventional acoustic alarm (1), such as that shown in Figure 1, is based on the generation of a sound pressure from the displacement of a membrane (2) that has in its center a metal core better known as the core mobile (3). This displacement causes an air flow through a duct or tube (4), which


    amplifies generating a sound pressure. In the case of a disc acoustic warning (1), the sound is generated by moving this mechanical membrane (2) and impacting the mobile core (3) with the fixed core (5) of the acoustic warning (1).
    To cause this displacement of the membrane (2), the acoustic warning (1) has a coil (6), of fixed position, through which an electric current is circulated, which produces a magnetic field. This magnetic field displaces the moving core (3) in the direction of the axial axis shown in Figure 1. In this way the relative position of the moving core (3) with respect to the coil (6) varies, being already known in the present state of the art that the maximum displacement of the mobile core (3) with respect to the coil (6) coincides with the resonant frequency of the acoustic warning (1), optimum operating point. In addition, it is known that acoustic alarms (1) with electronic control circuit, employ a pulse generator to adjust the movement of the mobile core (3), and therefore, to adjust the frequency and sound pressure of the sound generated by the acoustic warning (1).
    To date, different patent documents are known which, with greater or lesser success, manage to obtain the adjustment of the acoustic warning to its resonance frequency, in particular:
    US application US5414406A describes an acoustic warning or horn for vehicles that includes an electronic switching circuit, which operates at a switching frequency equal to the resonant frequency. To this end, the horn has an acoustic sensor (microphone) that measures the sound pressure at the horn's operating frequency and transmits that information to an A / D circuit that uses it to adjust the frequency of a pulse generator that energizes the Horn coil at working frequency.
    For its part, US7876198B2 describes an electronic horn that uses a sensor (such as a sound sensor, an oscillation sensor, a magnetic induction sensor or a capacitive sensor) to measure the greater displacement of the membrane at the frequency of Horn operation. With this measurement an oscillation circuit is fed back and the frequency of a pulse generator that energizes the coil of the


    horn at the optimum working frequency, that is, the resonant frequency.
    The translation of European patent ES2254716T3 is also known, in which an acoustic warning device is described that manages to dispense with the use of sensors, by means of an analysis of
    5 the excitation current of the coil (or derivatives thereof), and a comparison of the measured variables with predetermined theoretical values, using a frequency analyzer and a signal processor.
    Thus, it has been detected that the current acoustic warning control and adjustment systems,
    10 as well as the aforementioned patent documents, although they manage to work at the resonant frequency, however they suffer from several drawbacks, among which are:
    - They use "sensors" as a system for measuring the operating frequency.
    15 The use of sensors in control systems involves several problems, namely: their operation is affected by environmental factors such as temperature or humidity; with the passage of time said sensors are subject to the inexorable degradation of their internal components; are limited to the specific tolerances provided by each manufacturer; in addition the sensors are sensitive to compatibility
    20 electromagnetic (EMC) and mechanical vibrations, which makes this solution have a low robustness and a small scope.
    - In addition to what was indicated in the previous point, the use of sensors in control systems implies a greater complexity of implementation, and consequently, an increase in economic costs.
    - Other control systems require the comparison of fixed theoretical values, previously programmed in the control circuit. This solution, in addition to increasing the complexity of implementation, means a reduction in the operational flexibility of the
    30 acoustic warnings, limiting their scope to a very small range of values.


    - They include sensing circuits that require “signal amplifiers”, also increasing manufacturing and implementation costs.
    - On the other hand, the current acoustic warning control systems are dependent on a multitude of parameters and variables, such as the type of coil used, operating temperatures, mechanical characteristics and manufacturing tolerances, which results in an important limitation. of its scope, as well as in a greater probability of errors, failures or malfunctions of the warnings. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    By means of the present invention, the aforementioned drawbacks are solved by providing a control method of an acoustic alarm at its resonance frequency, which constitutes a more robust, more flexible, and easier to implement alternative with respect to the current warning control procedures acoustic
    The present invention is based on the following basic knowledge:
    - The voltage variation in a coil with constant inductance is governed by the following formula:
    - Instead, the variation of voltage in a coil with variable inductance is governed by the following formula:
    Where the variation of current di (t) / dt through the coil is practically constant during the unloading / disconnection of the coil of an acoustic warning. Therefore, it follows that changes in the voltage (UL) that circulates at the disconnect end of the coil are due to variations in the inductance, dl (t) / dt.


    Thus, the control method of the invention comprises the following steps: a) circulation of an electric current through a variable inductance excitation coil, generating a magnetic field; b) displacement of a metallic mobile core as a result of the magnetic field generated; c) solidarity displacement of a membrane connected to the metallic mobile core; and d) generation of sound pressure.
    Where in addition, the control procedure comprises the steps of:
    e) analysis and measurement of the variation of the voltage (UL) of the coil and / or of at least one characteristic variable of said voltage (UL), this analysis being performed by a control circuit during the transient disconnection of the coil caused by an electronic switching device; Y
    f) adjustment of the frequency and pulse rate of a pulse generator by the control circuit, where said adjustment is made according to a working condition in which a greater variation of coil inductance occurs, that is , adjusting the alarm to its resonant frequency.
    Preferably, step e) is carried out during the transient disconnection of the coil, in particular at the end of the coil that is disconnected from the electrical circuit. However, it is envisioned that said step e) can be carried out at another point in the circuit where an electrical effect is generated during the coil switching.
    Therefore, a fundamental aspect of the control procedure described here is that it is "during the disconnection of the coil", and not at another time, when the control circuit analyzes the variation of the voltage (UL) at the end of the coil which commutes by the action of the electronic switching device. This control circuit calculates the deviations of the measured variable with respect to an optimal trend or behavior of said variable, and adjusts the frequency and pulse rate of the pulse generator that energizes, that is, feeds the coil.
    Thus, said control circuit adjusts the frequency and pulse rate of the pulse generator to


    the working condition that produces the greatest inductance variation dl (t) / dt. Which in turn implies the greater displacement of the mobile core with respect to the coil. In this way, the control circuit adjusts the audible alarm to make it work at its resonance frequency.
    Therefore, through the control method of the invention, several advantages are achieved, among which are:
    - Greater robustness and ease of implementation in the warning control circuits
    10 acoustics, without the need to incorporate “sensors” or “signal amplifiers” that make their operation more complex and tedious, or that limit their operating range due to external factors such as temperature, EMC or vibrations. In the present invention it is the inductance of the acoustic alarm itself that acts as a sensor.
    15 - Greater efficiency in the detection of the optimum operating point, to make the alarm work at its resonance frequency, without external sensors or components that detract from said optimum operating point.
    - More simplicity, since the warning setting does not require the comparison of the variables 20 measured with fixed theoretical values, previously programmed in the control circuit.
    - Greater flexibility and range of application, since the control procedure described here is independent of the type of coil of the alarm, its mechanical characteristics or the parameters of each manufacturer such as the operating temperature.
    DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    To complement the description that is being made and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, according to a preferred example of practical realization thereof, it is accompanied as an integral part of
    30 said description, a set of drawings in which with the illustrative and non-limiting nature, the following has been represented:


    Figure 1.- Shows a sectional view of the internal mechanical components of a conventional acoustic alarm with an electronic control system.
    Figure 2.- Shows a schematic view of a block diagram of the control method of the invention for a negative switching system ("Low Side").
    Figure 3.- Shows another block diagram of the control method of the invention for a positive switching system ("High Side"). PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
    A couple of preferred embodiments are described below with reference to the aforementioned figures, without limiting or reducing the scope of protection of the present invention.
    Figure 1 shows the basic mechanical and electrical components of a conventional acoustic alarm. Thus, control procedures that include at least the following stages are already known:
    a) circulation of an electric current through a coil (6), generating a magnetic field;
    b) displacement of a metallic mobile core (3) as a consequence of the generated magnetic field;
    c) solidarity displacement of a membrane (2) connected to the metallic mobile core (3);
    d) generation of sound pressure.
    Regarding step d), of generating a sound pressure, it is envisaged that it can be obtained in at least two ways:
    i) from an air flow that circulates through a duct or tube (4), said air flow being created by the displacement of the membrane (2), which


    makes the tube vibrate (4); or
    ii) after the movement of the membrane (2), from an impact between the metallic mobile core (3) and a fixed core (5) of the annunciator (1), as occurs in acoustic disc warnings.
    Thus the control procedure of the invention stands out for incorporating two additional steps:
    e) analysis and measurement of the variation of the voltage (UL) of the coil (6) and / or of at least one variable characteristic of said voltage (UL), this analysis being performed by a control circuit (10) during the transient disconnection of the coil (6) caused by an electronic switching device (20); Y
    f) adjustment of the frequency and pulse rate of a pulse generator (30) by the control circuit (10), where said adjustment is made according to a working condition in which a greater inductance variation occurs of the coil (6), which corresponds to a greater displacement of the mobile core (3) with respect to the coil (6), and consequently, adjusting the warning (1) to its resonance frequency.
    In figure 2 a block diagram of the electronic control system according to a first preferred embodiment can be seen, see blocks located within the area delimited by broken line, where the connection / disconnection of the coil (6) is caused by the electronic device switching (20), the latter being installed "downstream" of the coil (6) and grounded, constituting a negative switching, perhaps best known by its English name "Low Side".
    On the other hand, in figure 3 another block diagram of the electronic control system according to a second preferred embodiment is observed, where the connection / disconnection of the coil (6) is caused by the electronic switching device (20), this being installed in this case "upstream" of the coil (6) and connected to the input of the circuit power supply, constituting a positive switching, perhaps better known by its English name "High Side".


    In figures 2 and 3 it can be seen that both configurations can be connected to a power supply (120), such as a vehicle battery, through an external switching device (110), such as the steering wheel drive of a vehicle
    It is envisioned that the control procedure may comprise an additional step of converting an analog voltage from the end (6.1) of the coil (6) that switches, or other voltages or currents derived from it, into a digital voltage, through an A / D converter (40).
    On the other hand, the control procedure may also comprise an additional stage for measuring the loading and / or unloading times of the coil (6), or times derived from this phenomenon.
    In addition, the possibility is contemplated that the method also comprises a stage for comparing the voltage variation (UL) of the coil (6) with optimum target conditions, said comparison being made from a signal processor (50) , such that the result of said comparison causes the adjustment of at least one parameter for the pulse generator (30).
    In accordance with another object of the invention, it is desired to claim protection for the acoustic warning device that carries out the control procedure described in previous paragraphs.
    Thus, the acoustic alarm comprises a series of mechanical elements, such as a movable membrane (2), a movable metal core (3), a fixed core (5), and a coil (6); as well as a control system that includes, in addition to a pulse generator (30), an electronic switching device (20) for disconnecting one end (6.1) of the coil (6), a control circuit (10) configured to measure the variation of the voltage (UL) at the end (6.1) of the coil (6) and / or of at least one characteristic variable of said voltage (UL) during the transient disconnection of the coil (6), said control circuit (10) also being adapted to adjust the frequency and pulse rate of the


    Pulse generator (30) according to a working condition in which there is a greater variation in coil inductance (6).
    It is also provided that the acoustic alarm (1) may comprise: 5-an A / D converter (40), for the conversion of an analog end voltage
    (6.1) of the coil (6) disconnected, in a digital voltage;
    - a signal processor (50) for the comparison of voltage variation (UL)
    10 of the coil (6) with optimum target conditions, such that the result of said comparison causes the adjustment of at least one parameter for the pulse generator (30); Y
    - an energy dissipation circuit (60) as a safety element, to avoid 15 problems due to overheating and EMC.

    权利要求:
    Claims (11)
    [1]
    1.-Control procedure of an acoustic warning (1), where said control procedure comprises the following steps:
    a) circulation of an electric current through a coil (6), generating a magnetic field;
    b) displacement of a metallic mobile core (3) as a consequence of the generated magnetic field;
    c) solidarity displacement of a membrane (2) connected to the metallic mobile core (3);
    d) generation of a sound pressure;
    characterized in that the control procedure further comprises the steps:
    e) analysis and measurement of the variation of the voltage (UL) of the coil (6) and / or of at least one variable characteristic of said voltage (UL), this analysis being performed by a control circuit (10) during the transient disconnection of the coil (6) caused by an electronic switching device (20); Y
    f) adjustment of the frequency and pulse rate of a pulse generator (30) by the control circuit (10), where said adjustment is made according to a working condition in which a greater inductance variation occurs of the coil (6), that is, adjusting the alarm (1) to its resonant frequency.
    [2]
    2. Control procedure according to claim 1, characterized in that step e) is performed during the transient disconnection of the coil (6) at the end
    (6.1) of the coil (6) that is disconnected from the electrical circuit; or at another point in the circuit where an electrical effect is generated during the switching of the coil (6).
    [3]
    3. Control procedure according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it further comprises a step of converting

    an analog voltage of the end (6.1) of the coil (6) that switches, or other voltages or currents derived from it, in a digital voltage, through an A / D converter (40).
    [4]
    4. Control procedure according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it further comprises a step for measuring the loading and / or unloading times of the coil (6), or times derived from this phenomenon.
    [5]
    5. Control procedure according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it additionally comprises a step of comparing the voltage variation (UL) of the coil (6) with optimum target conditions, said comparison being made at from a signal processor (50), such that the result of said comparison causes the adjustment of at least one parameter for the pulse generator (30).
    [6]
    6. Control procedure according to claim 1, characterized in that the connection / disconnection of the coil (6) of step e) is caused by the electronic switching device (20), the latter being installed downstream of the coil (6) and grounded, constituting a negative switching.
    [7]
    7. Control procedure according to claim 1, characterized in that the connection / disconnection of the coil (6) of step e) is caused by the electronic switching device (20), the latter being installed upstream of the coil (6) and connected with an external switching device (110) powered by a power source (120), constituting a positive switching.
    [8]
    8. Control procedure according to claim 1, characterized in that step d) is carried out from an air flow that circulates through a duct or tube (4), said air flow being created by the membrane displacement (2), which it does is amplified by the tube (4).
    [9]
    9. Control procedure according to claim 1, characterized in that step d) is performed after the movement of the membrane (2), from an impact between the

    metallic mobile core (3) and a fixed core (5) of the annunciator (1).
    [10]
    10.-Acoustic warning (1) carrying out the control procedure described in any one of claims 1-9.
    11. An acoustic warning device (1) according to claim 10, characterized in that it comprises a movable membrane (2), a movable metal core (3), a fixed core (5), and a coil (6); and a control system comprising a pulse generator (30), characterized in that said control system additionally comprises:
    10 -a electronic switching device (20) for disconnecting one end
    (6.1) of the coil (6); and -a control circuit (10) configured to measure the variation of the voltage (UL) at the end (6.1) of the coil (6) and / or of at least one characteristic variable of said
    15 voltage (UL) during the transient disconnection of said coil (6), the control circuit (10) being also adapted to adjust the frequency and pulse rate of the pulse generator (30) according to a working condition in the which produces a greater variation of coil inductance (6).
    12. Acoustic warning (1) according to claim 11, characterized in that it additionally comprises an A / D converter (40), for the conversion of an analog voltage of the end (6.1) of the disconnected coil (6), in a digital tension.
    [13]
    13.- Acoustic warning (1) according to claim 11, characterized in that
    25 further comprises a signal processor (50) for comparing the voltage variation (UL) of the coil (6) with optimum target conditions, such that the result of said comparison causes the adjustment of at least one parameter for the pulse generator (30).
    14. An acoustic warning device (1) according to claim 11, characterized in that it additionally comprises an energy dissipation circuit (60).

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    16
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    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    WO1992018955A1|1991-04-12|1992-10-29|Sparton Corporation|Vehicle horn with electronic solid state energizing circuit|
    US5596311A|1995-05-23|1997-01-21|Preco, Inc.|Method and apparatus for driving a self-resonant acoustic transducer|
    ES2254716T3|2001-07-25|2006-06-16|Robert Bosch Gmbh|ACOUSTIC AVIDATOR WITH ADAPTATIONALLY TUNABLE OPERATIONAL VARIABLES.|
    US20040189445A1|2003-02-28|2004-09-30|Tewell Tony J.|Audible alert device and method for the manufacture and programming of the same|
    EP2381271A1|2010-04-26|2011-10-26|Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC|Self-tuning acoustic measurement system|
    CN85102564B|1985-04-01|1987-10-28|宗有根|A kind of electron horn with low noise|
    EP2218266A1|2007-11-09|2010-08-18|Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V.|Alert device and method|
    GB2483631B|2010-08-10|2012-08-01|Magna Parva Ltd|Auto-resonant control circuits|
    US10086217B2|2014-07-25|2018-10-02|Covidien Lp|Electrosurgical ultrasonic vessel sealing and dissecting system|ES1236949Y|2019-09-26|2020-01-24|Clarton Horn S A U|Multifunction buzzer|
    法律状态:
    2018-05-04| FG2A| Definitive protection|Ref document number: 2632260 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: B1 Effective date: 20180504 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201630274A|ES2632260B1|2016-03-09|2016-03-09|Control procedure of an acoustic warning, and acoustic warning performing said control procedure|ES201630274A| ES2632260B1|2016-03-09|2016-03-09|Control procedure of an acoustic warning, and acoustic warning performing said control procedure|
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    US16/083,212| US20190076879A1|2016-03-09|2017-03-07|Method for Controlling an Acoustic Warning Device and Acoustic Warning Device That Performs Said Control Method|
    PCT/ES2017/070126| WO2017153622A1|2016-03-09|2017-03-07|Method for controlling an acoustic warning device and acoustic warning device that performs said control method|
    MX2018010820A| MX2018010820A|2016-03-09|2017-03-07|Method for controlling an acoustic warning device and acoustic warning device that performs said control method.|
    CN201780025382.5A| CN109153039B|2016-03-09|2017-03-07|Method for controlling sound alarm device and sound alarm device for executing the control method|
    MA043808A| MA43808A|2016-03-09|2017-03-07|PROCESS FOR CONTROLLING AN ACOUSTIC ALARM, AND ACOUSTIC ALARM IMPLEMENTING THIS CONTROL PROCEDURE|
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